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What Division Means · Set 4 · Grade 3

Rates: The "For Each" Question

Some numbers come glued together: miles WITH hours,
dollars WITH pencils. Division pulls out what ONE gets.
A bike rider goes
12 miles in 3 hours
divide by the hours ↓
12 ÷ 3 = 4 miles EACH hour
the rate: what one hour gets
4 mi
hour 1
4 mi
hour 2
4 mi
hour 3
Same trip, cut into equal hour-boxes. Every "for each" problem is equal groups wearing a watch.
The magic words to hunt for: each, per, every one. When you hear them, division is nearby.
Roots of Reason CA CCSS 3.OA.A.2 · rates foundations rootsofreason.org · Page 1 of 6
Roots of Reason
Rates · Set 4
Name Date

Fill the Hour Boxes

A steady walker covers 10 blocks in 2 hours.
Same speed the whole time. How far in ONE hour?
1.Here are the 10 blocks as dots, and the 2 hour boxes. Deal the blocks into the boxes evenly: draw 1 dot in a box, cross one off, repeat.
hour 1
hour 2
10 ÷ 2 = blocks each hour
2.A bakery oven bakes 12 rolls in 3 batches, the same number every batch. Draw the batches as boxes yourself this time, deal the rolls in, and finish the sentence.
Each batch has rolls.   12 ÷ 3 =
Roots of Reason CA CCSS 3.OA.A.2 rootsofreason.org · Page 2 of 6
Roots of Reason
Rates · Set 4
Name Date

The Price for One

Stores sell things in packs. Division tells you
what you are really paying for each one.
1.A pack of 4 juice boxes costs 8 dollars. Share the 8 dollar-coins under the 4 juice boxes so every box gets the same. Draw the coins in.
box 1
box 2
box 3
box 4
One juice box really costs dollars.
2.Which deal is better? Store A: 3 stickers for 6 dollars. Store B: 5 stickers for 5 dollars. Find the price for ONE sticker at each store first. No fair guessing.
Store A: 6 ÷ 3 = each Store B: 5 ÷ 5 = each
Circle the better deal: Store A Store B
Roots of Reason CA CCSS 3.OA.A.2 rootsofreason.org · Page 3 of 6
Roots of Reason
Rates · Set 4
Name Date

Which Number Do I Divide By?

Divide by the thing that comes AFTER the word "each."
"Miles each HOUR" means divide by the hours.
1. A train goes 90 miles in 3 hours. You want: miles each HOUR. Circle what to divide by, then solve.
90 3 =
2. A reader finishes 40 pages in 5 days. You want: pages each DAY.
40 5 =
3. Trickier: a garden hose fills 6 buckets in 30 minutes. You want: minutes each BUCKET. Careful which way!
30 ÷ 6 6 ÷ 30 =
4.Write your own "each" problem for the division fact 18 ÷ 6 = 3. Draw a small picture to go with it.
Roots of Reason CA CCSS 3.OA.A.2 | 3.OA.D.8 rootsofreason.org · Page 4 of 6
Roots of Reason
Rates · Set 4
Name Date

Rate Hunt

Rates hide on price tags, cereal boxes, speed signs,
and game scores. Catch one in the wild.
1.Show your rate: a photo of the tag or sign, or draw what you saw.
or draw it here
2.Tell your rate's story in numbers:
I found for . So each one is ÷ =
Example: 6 granola bars for 12 dollars. Each bar is 12 ÷ 6 = 2 dollars.
Roots of Reason CA CCSS 3.OA.A.2 rootsofreason.org · Page 5 of 6
Roots of Reason
Roots of Reason
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Answer Key
What Division Means · Set 4 · Grade 3

Answer Key and Teacher Notes

Fill the Hour Boxes (page 2)
1. 10 ÷ 2 = 5 blocks each hour   2. Each batch has 4 rolls; 12 ÷ 3 = 4
The Price for One (page 3)
1. 2 dollars per box   2. Store A: 2 each; Store B: 1 each; better deal: Store B
Which Number Do I Divide By? (page 4)
1. Divide by 3: 90 ÷ 3 = 30   2. Divide by 5: 40 ÷ 5 = 8   3. 30 ÷ 6 = 5 minutes per bucket   4. Any story with 18 things shared over 6 "eaches"
Rate Hunt (page 5)
Answers vary. Check the division runs total ÷ count, and the units in the answer say "per one": dollars per bar, miles per hour, points per game.
Page 4 problem 3 is the one to watch: "minutes per bucket" flips the division, and students who divide on autopilot will write 6 ÷ 30. The fix is not a rule. It is the question "what should ONE bucket get?" asked out loud. If that lands, unit rates in grade 6 arrive on paved road.